Elbow Replacement

Elbow is a hinge joint allowing dynamic range of motion which helps perform complex activities. Elbow replacement surgery though quite uncommon has good to excellent results in patients who are ideal candidates for it. The procedure involves replacing the bony hinge with a mettalic component to perform normal activities.

The main indications of undergoing an Elbow replacement are:

Post-traumatic complex elbow fractures
Severe rhematoid arthritis
Severe post-injury arthritis
Painful restriction of motion due to Osteo-arthritis
Elbow instability
Oncological process involving the elbow joint

Patients should be given the option only in cases where preserving the biological joint is not possible and patient presents with severe symptoms relating to painful restriction.

The surgical procedure is not free from risks and may have the following complications:

Infection
Wound related complications
Implant loosening
Nerve Injury

The Implant wear out rates for elbow have been reported much higher with a shorter life as compared to the knee and the hip as it involves higher range of motion. The Pre-procedural investigations remain similar to that of knee and hip replacement:

Complete medical examination
Complete hematological(blood) and urine examination
Radiological examination of both knees
A pre- anaesthesia checkup for all associated comorbidities
Control of metabolic derangements with medical treatment
Home and Social planning and councelling

There always exists a difference between the expectations and result with most patients meeting the two by end of 6-8 weeks if there is no associated complication. The patients may have a restricted range of motion with flexion not reaching more than a 120 degree.

Post-surgical precautions include regular physiotherapy as advised, good nutritional status and protecting wound from any contamination.